Supplement
Bromelain
SaveA mixture of proteolytic enzymes from pineapple stems with anti-inflammatory, fibrinolytic, and digestive properties. Used post-surgically in some European countries.
Quick verdict
Reasonable evidence for reducing post-surgical and post-traumatic swelling. Digestive enzyme use is less well-supported.
Evidence score
A rough internal score reflecting quantity, quality, and consistency of human evidence. Not a clinical recommendation.
What the research shows
German Commission E approved for post-traumatic swelling. Several RCTs show reduced swelling and bruising after dental and nasal surgery. Sinusitis adjunct data are mixed. Absorption of intact enzyme from the GI tract is debated but demonstrated.
Benefits
- Reduces post-surgical swelling in RCTs
- Anti-inflammatory proteolytic activity
- May aid protein digestion
Dosage notes
500–2000 GDU/day (200–800 mg) between meals for systemic effects; with meals for digestive support.
Side effects
- Increased bleeding risk
- GI discomfort
- Allergic reactions in pineapple-sensitive individuals
Who should be cautious
May increase bleeding risk, especially with anticoagulants. Pineapple allergy is a contraindication.
What this page cannot tell you
Enzyme activity units (GDU) vary between products. Absorption of intact proteases is controversial, though systemic effects are documented.
Leaderboard scores
- Recovery48
- Pain42
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