Supplement
FAD
SaveFlavin adenine dinucleotide, the active coenzyme form of riboflavin (vitamin B2), involved in electron transport and numerous oxidoreductase reactions.
Quick verdict
The active form of B2. Supplementation may benefit individuals with riboflavin deficiency or MTHFR polymorphisms, but most people can convert riboflavin to FAD adequately.
Evidence score
A rough internal score reflecting quantity, quality, and consistency of human evidence. Not a clinical recommendation.
What the research shows
FAD is essential for MTHFR function, mitochondrial complex I and II, and glutathione recycling. Riboflavin supplementation reduces migraine frequency in RCTs at 400 mg/day. FAD-specific supplementation data are limited since most studies use riboflavin.
Benefits
- Active coenzyme form, bypasses conversion steps
- Supports MTHFR function
- Essential for mitochondrial energy production
Dosage notes
10–50 mg/day of FAD. Riboflavin at 400 mg/day is the migraine-prevention dose (body converts to FAD).
Side effects
- Yellow-orange urine (harmless)
- Generally very well-tolerated
Who should be cautious
FAD is less stable than riboflavin in supplement form. No specific safety concerns beyond those of riboflavin.
What this page cannot tell you
Most people can convert riboflavin to FAD. Preformed FAD supplementation is mainly relevant for rare enzyme deficiency or malabsorption states.
Leaderboard scores
- Energy30
- Focus22
Write a review
Sign in to write a review.