Peptide
GDF-11
SaveGrowth Differentiation Factor 11, a TGF-beta family member studied for rejuvenation effects after parabiosis experiments suggested declining levels contribute to aging.
Quick verdict
Initial excitement from parabiosis studies has been tempered by conflicting results and challenges distinguishing GDF-11 from GDF-8 (myostatin). Still preclinical.
Evidence score
A rough internal score reflecting quantity, quality, and consistency of human evidence. Not a clinical recommendation.
What the research shows
2013–2014 parabiosis papers claimed cardiac and neural rejuvenation. Subsequent studies produced conflicting results. Assay specificity between GDF-11 and myostatin is problematic.
Benefits
- Initial parabiosis data suggested cardiac and neural rejuvenation
- Ongoing basic science interest in aging biology
Dosage notes
No human dosing data. Research use only.
Side effects
- Unknown in humans
- Possible muscle wasting if GDF-8/11 overlap exists
Who should be cautious
No human therapeutic use. Conflicting preclinical data raise concerns about true effects.
What this page cannot tell you
The rejuvenation narrative is based on disputed parabiosis data. Measurement of endogenous GDF-11 vs GDF-8 remains technically challenging.
Leaderboard scores
- Longevity20
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