Peptide
LL-37
SaveThe only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, with broad-spectrum antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and immunomodulatory properties.
Quick verdict
Extensively studied innate immune effector. Therapeutic development is limited by stability, cost, and potential inflammatory side effects at high doses.
Evidence score
A rough internal score reflecting quantity, quality, and consistency of human evidence. Not a clinical recommendation.
What the research shows
Hundreds of in-vitro and animal studies. Clinical interest in wound healing, infections, and cancer. A few early-phase human trials for wound applications.
Benefits
- Broad-spectrum antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity
- Wound-healing promotion in preclinical studies
- Immunomodulatory properties beyond direct killing
Dosage notes
No established therapeutic dosing. Research and early clinical studies use topical application at varying concentrations.
Side effects
- Pro-inflammatory effects at high doses
- Potential to exacerbate rosacea or psoriasis
- Injection-site reactions
Who should be cautious
Can be pro-inflammatory at high concentrations. Implicated in rosacea and psoriasis pathogenesis. Not approved as a drug.
What this page cannot tell you
Dual nature as both antimicrobial and pro-inflammatory complicates therapeutic development.
Leaderboard scores
- Immunity35
- Recovery25
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