Oxiracetam

Modest evidence from older European trials for cognitive improvement in dementia. Considered the mildly stimulating racetam, often compared to piracetam with added alertness.

A rough internal score reflecting quantity, quality, and consistency of human evidence. Not a clinical recommendation.

Italian and other European trials from the 1980s–90s showed improvement in cognitive function in multi-infarct dementia and organic brain syndrome. Effects on memory consolidation are better supported than acute recall. Increases hippocampal glutamate release.

• Mild stimulant quality among racetams
• Older trials show cognitive improvement in dementia
• May enhance memory consolidation

Clinical: 1200–2400 mg/day in divided doses. Nootropic: 800–1600 mg/day.

• Insomnia
• Headache
• Nervousness
• GI upset

Stimulating properties can cause insomnia if dosed late. Interactions with other stimulants should be considered.

Trial evidence is older and of variable quality. Benefits in healthy young adults are uncertain.

• Focus45
• Memory40
• Energy35